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Ordinary Time

Movements & -isms

Gnosticism

NOS-tih-siz-umnoun

A diverse early movement teaching salvation through secret knowledge (gnosis), often despising the material world and the body.

Not To Be Confused With

Gnosticism is not one church but a family of systems. Its hallmark is secret saving knowledge plus matter-hating dualism — which is why it clashed with the Christian doctrines of creation and incarnation.

From Greek gnōsis, “knowledge.” Gnostic systems typically split a good spiritual realm from an evil material one, making the body a prison and the incarnation an embarrassment. The early Church rejected it by insisting creation is good and the Word truly became flesh.

Examples

  • The Gospel of Thomas and other non-canonical “gnostic gospels” come from this milieu — flagged as non-canonical, not Scripture.

Related Terms

Related Word Studies

Gnosticism — Definition | Theologos Media