Not To Be Confused With
Justification (a change of STANDING — declared righteous) is classically distinguished from sanctification (a change of CONDITION — made holy). Whether justification is purely declarative or also transformative is the crux of the debate.
A courtroom verdict word from dikaiosyne. Protestants confess justification by faith alone through imputed righteousness; Catholics by grace through faith with infused righteousness and cooperation. The full case is laid out in the disputed question.